9th- Prepositions

Updated on 09/12/2024

Fill in the blanks with suitable Prepositions.

1. He is fond.......music.

Answer

2. Fill this jug...........water.

Answer

with

3. I prefer coffee..........tea.

Answer

4. He is good...........English.

Answer

5. Please listen.........me.

Answer

6. Radha is known............me.

Answer

7. Don't laugh .........the poor.

Answer

8. Her mother died .......fever.

Answer

9. He met .........an accident.

Answer

with

10. The hunter aimed...........the bird.

Answer

11. Don't mix............ bad boys.

Answer

with

12. Trust........ God.

Answer

13. The chair is made..........wood

Answer

14. I don’t agree .........you.

Answer

with

15. He is waiting ............train.

Answer

for

16. The cow feeds ............grass.

Answer

17. He is interested........... playing.

Answer

18. She is suffering............. fever.

Answer

from

19. Don’t rely........... him.

Answer

20. He acted .........my advice.

Answer

upon

21. Mohan killed the snake ........ a stick.

Answer

with

22. He lives........Bastli ........Karnal.

Answer

at, in

23. My brother will come.........the evening.

Answer

24. Please listen........... me.

Answer

25. Send .......... a doctor at once.

Answer

for

26. The king ruled......... a kingdom.

Answer

over

27. The cat jumped.........the pond.

Answer

into

28. She believes.......... God.

Answer

29. I am tired.......... waiting.

Answer

30. He died ...... fever.

Answer

10th-Eng, Half Yearly Exam-2024

Half Yearly Assessment - September-2024

Class-10

Time: 90 Minutes

Subject: English Core

MM-40

General Instructions:

(i) Attempt all the questions as per instructions.

(ii) Attempt all the parts of a question together.

(iii) Marks are indicated in front of each question. Write your answer as per the marks allotted to it.

(iv) For Multiple choice questions tick (✔) the correct answer.

Section A

Question1.Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions that follow: 10

Power foods are foods that provide rich levels of nutrients like fibre, potassium and minerals, With people becoming increasingly health conscious today, a lot of fitness trainers encourage their clients to include these foods in their daily diet to increase muscle development. There are various ways of incorporating power foods in your daily diet. Of course, the key to enjoy power foods is proper preparation of these foods, the use of season- fresh foods, and identifying your choice of flavour among power foods.

Some of the recommended power food combinations are those that are prepared in our kitchens on a regular basis. Take for instance, the combination of chickpeas and onions: This combination is a powerful source of iron which is required by the body to transport oxygen to its various parts. Iron deficiency can lead to anaemia, fatigue, brain fog and tiredness. A study by the Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry says that sulphur compounds in onion and garlic help in the absorption of iron and zine from chickpeas! The combination is a hit with teenagers who need to be diligent about getting iron in their diet. A quick way to prepare this power food is to make a chickpea salad with chopped onions, chaat masala and cilantro.

Another favourite combination with power food takers is yoghurt and bananas. This makes for a perfect snack after a rough game of football. Exercising burns glucose and thus lowers blood sugar Yoghurt is packed with proteins that help preserve muscle mass! and bananas are packed with carbohydrates that help in refuelling energy and preventing muscle soreness: A quick and easy recipe with bananas is a banana smoothie topped with cool yoghurt.

Among beverages, green tea is the best source of catechins that are effective in halting oxidative damage to cells. According to researchers at the Purdue University, adding a dash of lemon juice to green tea makes the catechins even more easily absorbable by the body.

So, the next time you have instead of are friends serve them rounds of iced green tea with mint and lemon juice.

Questions:

a. What are power foods?

Ans- Power Foods are foods that provide rich levels of nutrients, like fiber, Potassium and minerls.

b. What is the advantage of including onions and garlic in our diet?

Ans. Onions and garlic help in the absorption of iron and zinc from chickpeas.

c. Suggest a quick recipe with chickpea and onions.

Ans: Take for instance, the Combination of chickpea and onions, chat Masala and cilantro

d. Why is yoghurt and bananas, an enriching power food?

Ans- yoghurt is packed with protines that help preserve muscle mas and banana are packed with Carbohidrets

e.Why is green tea a recommended power food?

Ans. green tea makes the Catechines even more easily absorbable the body.

f. The key to enjoy power foods is....

(a) use of season-fresh foods

b) identifying one's choice of flavour

(c)proper preparation of power foods

(a) all of these ✔

g. what is the meaning of 'incorporating"?

(a) To avoid

(b) To include ✔

(d) None of these

h. Iron deficiency can lead to.............

(a) fracture

(b) anaemia ✔

(d) typhoid

i. While we exercise, w......... glucose.

(a) get

(b) need

(d) make

j. Adding lemon juice to green tea is important because

a) it is liked by your friends

b) it is declared by the Purdue University

c) It makes catechins more absorbable by the body ✔

d) it develops muscle mass in the body

Section-B (Grammar)

Question 2. Attempt any five out of given questions 5 Marks

i) It was...... unique sight,

a) an

c) the

b) a ✔

d) no article

ii. The movie........started when I reached the cinema hall.

a) has

b) have

c) had ✔

d) had been

iii. By the next month, we shall.......... the project.

a) has completed

b) completing

c) completed

d) have completed ✔

iv. He said, "I do not like coffee."

a) He said that he did not like coffee ✔

b) He asked that he does not like coffee.

c) He said that I did not like coffee.

d) He told that he doesn't like coffee,

v. Work hard lest you...... fail.

a) must

b) will

c) should ✔

d) shall

vi. .......you have a cup of tea?

a) can

b) shall

c) would ✔

d) could

Section-C (Writing Skills)

Question 3 Attempt any one. 5

Write a letter to M/S Haryana Publishing House complaining against the wrong delivery of books and requesting them to send the books you ordered to supply.

Write a report of the train accident in about 40 words mentioning the loss of lives, the scene of rescue work by the neighbouring villagers.

Section-D (Literature)

Question 4.Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow. 5 Marks

Let me put it more clearly since no one will believe that a thirteen-year-old girl is completely alone in the world. And I'm not. I have loving parents and a sixteen-year-old sister, and there are about thirty people I can call friends. I have a family, loving aunts and a good home. No, on the surface I seem to have everything, except my one true friend. All I think about when I'm with friends is having a good time. I can't bring self to talk about anything but ordinary everyday things. We don't seem to be able to get any closer, and that's the problem. Maybe it's my fault that we don't confide in each other. In any case, that's just how things are, and unfortunately, they're not liable to change. This is why I've started the diary.

Questions

a. Who does 'T refer to in the above passage?

Sons Anne Frank.

b. How many people can she call her friends?

Ans. there are about thirty people whom she can call her friend.

c. Whom does she regard her true friend?

Ans. Her diary 'Kitty'.

d. Why does she start writing the diary?

Ans. Because she thinks that she has no true friend.

e. Find a word from the passage which means "trust someone to tell a secret",

Ans. Confide

"But if it had to perish twice,

I think I know enough of hate

To say that for destruction ice

Is also great And would suffice."

Questions:

a. What does 'it' stand for in the first line?

Ans. World

b. What is ice symbolic of?

Ans. Hatred

c. Which two things the poet thinks are good enough for destruction?

Ans. Fire and Ice

d. What is the rhyme scheme of this stanza?

Ans. abaa

e. Name the poem and the poet.

Ans. Poem-Fire and Ice, Poet-Robert Frost

Question 5 Answer the question in about 60 words. 3 Marks

Did the letter reach to God? Why did the postmaster send a reply to Lencho?

How did the black aeroplane help the pilot of the old Dakota?

Question 6 Answer the question in about 100 words. 6 Marks

How does Mandela describe the scene of inauguration?

The Thief's Story' is an in-depth study of human mind. Discuss.

Question.7 Answer the question in about 60 words. 3 Marks

What does Leslie Norris say about a tiger in his natural surroundings?

What is the central idea of The Ball Poem'?

Question.8 Answer the question in about 60 words. 3 Marks

How did Max enter Ausable's room? Why did he do so?

What did Griffin do inside a big London store?

12th-Eng, Half Yearly Exam 2024

Half Yearly Assessment - September-2024

Class-12

Subject: English Core

Time: 90 Minutes

Μ.Μ.-40

General Instructions:

(i) Attempt all the questions as per instructions.

(ii) Attempt all the parts of a question together

(iii) Marks are indicated in front of each question. Write your answer as per the marks allotted to it.

(iv) For Multiple choice questions tick (/) the correct answer.

Section-A

1. Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions that follow by choosing correct options given. 5

Maharana Pratap ruled Mewar only for 25 years. However, he accomplished so much grandeur during his reign that his glory surpassed the boundaries of countries and time, turning him into an immortal personality. He along with his kingdom became a synonym for velour, sacrifice and patriotism. Mewar, had been a leading Rajput kingdom even before Maharana Pratap occupied the throne. Kings of Mewar, with the cooperation of their nobles and subjects, had established such traditions in the kingdom, which augmented their magnificence despite the hurdles of having a smaller area under their command and less population. There did come a few thorny occasions when the flag of the kingdom seemed sliding down. Their flag, once again heaved high in the sky thanks to the gallantry and brilliance of the people of Mewar. The destiny of Mewar was good in the sense that barring a few kings, most of the rulers were competent and patriotic. This glorious tradition of the kingdom almost continued for 1500 years since its establishment, right from the reign of Bappa Rawal. In fact, only 60 years before Maharana Pratap, Rana Sanga, drove the kingdom to the pinnacle of fame. His reputation went beyond Rajasthan and reached Delhi. Two generations before him, Rana Kumbha, had given a new stature to the kingdom through victories and developmental work. During his reign, literature and art also progressed extraordinarily. Rana himself was inclined towards writing and his works are read with reverence even today. The ambience of his kingdom was conducive to the creation of high-quality work of art and literature. These accomplishments, were the outcome of a long-standing tradition sustained by several generations. The life of the people of Mewar must have been peaceful and prosperous during a long span of time, otherwise, such extraordinary accomplishment in these fields would not have been possible. This is reflected in their art and literature as well as their loving nature. They compensate for lack of admirable physique by their firm but pleasant nature. The ambience of Mewar remains lovely, thanks to the cheerful and liberal character of its people.

Questions

(a) Difficulties in the way of Mewar were:

(i) lack of cooperation of the nobility.

(ii) ancient traditions of the kingdom.

(iii) its small area and small population.

(iv) the poverty of the subjects

(b) Mewar was lucky because:

(i) all of its rulers were competent.

(ii) most of its people were competent.

(iii) most of its rulers were competent.

(iv) only a few of its people were incompetent.

(c) Whose reign was crucial as well as proved tobe his nemesis of Mewar?

(i) Maharana Pratap

(ii) Rana Sanga

(iii) Rana Kumbha

(iv) Bappa Rawal

(d) Who is the earliest King of Mewar mentioned in the passage?

(i) Bappa Rawal

(ii) Rana Sanga

(iii) Rana Kumbha

(iv) Maharana Pratap

(e) What was incorrect about Rana Kumbha's contribution to the glory of Mewar?

(i) He had given a new stature to the kingdom through victories.

(ii) He made his kingdom special with developmental work.

(iii) During his reign, literature and art progressed extraordinary.

(iv) He himself was never seen inclined towards writing.

2. Read the following passage carefully and make notes on it and also supply a suitable title 4+1=5

Shop till you drop is no longer a problem that only women with money in their purses and time on their hands suffer from. Excessive shopping and insatiable appetite for goods are causing problems in all countries which have hitherto promoted naked consumerism because personal debts are mounting, creating innumerable dificulties for credit card businesses. Millions are gripped by an insatiable appetite to spend and visit the frequent sales that keep occurring in New York, Milan, London or Paris. People can become compulsive buyers of anything from household gadgets, food, clothes, to cars. Compulsive buying has now been diagnosed as a disease and is the result of the growing advertising campaigns and competition in which shops and firms undercut each other with huge price discounts. If shops are closed and it is too late, there is always the possibility of shopping through the net. The addiction to shopping is spreading all over the world. In UK, 2.5 million people are gripped by the shopping fever. In America, a shopper's paradise, the number is much more at 15 million. With rising/incomes, millions of Indians could join the league of 'shopoholics'. It is called 'oniomania' which is a compulsive disorder that drives people to buy in a repetitive and uncontrolled manner regardless of consequences. Self-help groups are springing up to help compulsive shoppers. Because people affected by this problem suffer greatly from feelings of isolation, guilt and fear. It can lead to a breakdown of relationships under the burden of debt and deceit. Women are more vulnerable than men to this addiction because they tend to believe that to be valued by society, they have to look good. They are more insecure about their image and while they are shopping, they get a boost to their self- image from the attention they get from shop assistants. They come back feeling beautiful and successful. Men too are now joining the ranks of keen shoppers.

Section B- Writing Skills

3. Attempt any one of the following: 5

a. You are Asma/Ashish, the head girl/boy of XYZ international school. Your school soon going to publish the annual magazine next month. Write a notice for the notice board of your school inviting students to submit write-ups,

Ans.

9th-Eng, Half Yearly Exam 2024

Half Yearly Assessment-September-2024

Class-9

Subject: English

Time: 90 Minutes

M.M.-40

General Instructions:

(1) Attempt all the questions as per instructions.

(ii) Attempt all the parts of a question together

(iii) Marks are indicated in front of each question. Write your answer as per the marks allotted to it.

(iv) For Multiple choice questions tick (✔) the correct answer.

Section A

Q1 Read the passage and answer the following Questions: 10

Once a lady was driving a car. She saw a man walking along the road. She sounded the horn from a distance. On hearing it, the man was so confused that he turned to the wrong side. The lady tried to stop the car. But it was running at top speed; so she turned it aside and the car struck against a tree. The engine burst. and the body of the car was broken to pieces. The Lady was also wounded. She filed a suit against the man. This man is responsible for the accident," argued she, "as she was walking carelessly," "No, my lord" replied the man, "this lady is to blame. She does not know how to drive a Car". "But I have been driving my car for the last twelve years," argued the lady, "and there has never been an accident." "And I have been walking for the lag forty years," replied the man, "and there has never been any mishap." The judge burst into laughter and dismissed the case against the man.

Questions:

a. How did the man react on hearing the horn?

Ans. On hearing the horn, the man was so confused that he turned to the wrong side.

b. What was the damage caused?

Ans. The car struck against a tree. The engine burst. and the body of the car was broken into the pieces. The Lady was also wounded.

c. How did the car strike against a tree?

Ans. The car was running at top speed; when the lady turned it aside and it struck against a tree.

d. What did the man tell the Judge?

Ans. The man told the judge that the lady did not know how to drive a Car".

e. How was the lady injured?

Ans. The car struck against a tree. The engine burst. and the body of the car was broken into the pieces. The Lady was also injured.

f. How did the man react on hearing the horn?

A) Angry

B) Confused

C) Attentively

D) ran away.

g. Who was driving the car?

A) The old man

B) A lady

C) Lady's Driver

D) A young man.

h. Who filed a suit?

A) The lady

B) The old man

C) The Insurance company

D) No-one.

i. Find same word for the word" accuse" from the passage.

A) Blame

B) Suit

C) Wrong

D) Argue

j. How was the car running?

A) Slowly

B) At top speed

C) Under

D) Briskly

Section B-Grammar.

Q2. Choose the correct Answer from the following options. Do any five.

a. Ink is....... useful article

A) The

B) An

C) A

D) No Article

b. ....... Sun shines brightly.

A) The

B) A

C) An

D) No Article

c. he was poor hungry and sad (Punctuate the following)

A) He was poor hungry and sad.

B) He was "poor hungry and Sad

C) He was poor, hungry and sad.

D) He was poor, hungry and sad.

d. Every boy and girl .........in the class. today.

A) Are present

B) is present

C) Have present

D) has presented.

e. Sia said, "I may leave tomorrow!!

A) Sia said that she might leave the next day.

B) Sia said that she might leave tomorrow

C) Sia asked if she might leave the next day.

D) Sia informed me to leave tomorrow.

f. The culprit was ...... fined and punished (conjunction)

A) Also

B) And

C) But

D) Both.

Section C-Writing skill

Q3. Attempt any one (5)

You are Sulekha from Class 9 C. You were found in the playground during the 4th period, and as a result, you were fined Rs 500/-, Write an application to the Principal of your school requesting the remission of your fine.

Ans.

The Principal,

GSSS, Jind

Sub: For remission of fine

With due respect I want to state that I am student of 9th class. I was playing with other students in the playground during the 4th period. By mistake a student was hit to me and fell down. My class teacher fined me of Rs 500 to hit that student.

I would be deeply grateful if you would remit the fine imposed on me. I once again assure you, I will not repeat it again.

Thanking You.

Yours Obediently,

Sulekha

Class-9th-C

You are Sudhir, the owner of a bakery shop in Ambala Central Market. Write an order to Cakes and Bakes, a bakery manufacturer in New Delhi, requesting some bakery items.

Ans.

Bakery Shop

Ambala Central Market

Ambala

Sep 26, 2024

The Manager,

Classic Bakery,

New Delhi .

Subject: Order for bakery items.

Sir,

I, the owner of bakery shop in Ambala Central Market. I need some bakery items urgently. You are requested to supply me the following items of bakery as earlier as possible :

1. Pastries - 30 pieces

2. Cream Rolls - 30 pieces

3. Cup Cakes - 15 pieces

4.1Pond Cakes - 5 pieces

5. Patties - 20 pieces

Thanking you,

Yours sincerely,

Sudhir

Section D-Literature

Q4 Read the passage and answer the following questions. (5)

To The Little girl, he was a figure to be feared and avoided. Every morning before going to work he Came into her room and gave her a casual kiss, to which she responded with Goodbye father! And oh, there we glad sense of relief when she heard the noise of the car growing fainter and fainter down the long road.

Questions

1) Name the writer of this lesson.

Ans. Katherine Mansfield

ii) Who was a figure to be feared?

Ans. His father

iii) How did she bid farewell to her father?

Ans. Saying with Gooodbye father

iv) What was the name of the little girl?

Ans. Kezia

v) What was her father's daily routine?

Ans. Every morning before going to work he Came into her room and gave her a casual kiss.

Read the stanza and answer the questions.

When the humid shadows

Hover over all the starry spheres

And the melancholy darkness

Gently weeps in rainy tears.

Questions

(i) Name the poem.

Ans. Rain on the Roof

ii) Name the poet

Ans. Coates Kinney

iii) Who does the phrase "humid" shadows" refer to?

Ans. The Black clouds with water

iv) What are the rain drops resemble to?

Ans. Tears

v) The darkness in the poem has been called ....

Ans. Melancholy

Q5 Answer in about 30-40- words

How did Shehnai get its name?

Ans. Shehnai is a natural hollow stem pipe with seven holes. It is longer and broader. It was modified by a barber. Since it was played for the first time in Shah's chamber by a Nai. Thus it gets its name as Shehnai.

What made Kezia's father punish her? Was he right to do so?

Ans. Kezia's father punished her because she tore important papers without his father's permission. It was a mistake done by her. Actually she wanted to make a birthday gift for her father. She didn't know that these were important papers so punishment of her father was correct.

Q6 Answer in about 100 words

Write a note on the theme of the story "The Lost Child".

Ans.The story is based on the theme of close relation between son and his parents. The lost child forgets all about his desires and now he wants only his parents. Everything loses its significance and the only thing that matters for him is to find his parents.

The man in the shrine rescued the lost child. He lifted him up in his arms and tried to soothe him. He took him to the nearest roundabout swing and offered to buy him flowers, balloons and sweets. But the child losT interest in the things he wanted earlier. Now he first wanted his parents.

Why did Margie hate school? What type of teachers does she have?

Ans. Margie hated school because it had no fun. She had a mechanical teacher who taught her at fixed time every day. She hated to give her test after test. She had to write her answers in a punch code. Other reason she was failing to perform well in geography tests.

She thought that the old kind of school must have been fun. She imagined all the kids coming, laughing and shouting together in the schoolyard. They would sit together in the classroom and go home together. They would learn the same things and could help one another in the homework. The teachers were also human beings that would make the learning process more interactive and interesting.

Q7. Answer in about 30-40 words-

What is the central idea of the poem "The Road Not Taken"

Ans. The central idea of the poem is to make people aware. The poet wishes to say that choices should be made carefully. One should behave responsibly because life does not offer multiple chances.

Why does poet wish to go to Innisfree ? What does he wish to do there?

Ans. The poet wishes to go to Innisfree because It is beautiful and lovely place. There is a beautiful lake. The poet wants to spend more and more time there. He wants to build a small cabin with clay and woods. He wants to plant nine bean rows. He also wants to make a hive for the honey bee.

Answer the following in 30-40 words- Do anyone

Who is the real culprit according to the king? (In The Kingdom Of Fools)

Ans. The rich owner of the house was finally blamed for the crime. The king said that his father had ordered the jewellery and he should have been responsible. But because his father had died, he would die on his father's place.

How did Toto get along with other animals?

Ans. Toto was kept with other animal in a big cage. There lived a number of grandfather's pet. But Toto was very mischievous. He did not allow any of his companion to sleep at night.

11th, 12th-Letters

1. Write a letter to the editor of the Newspaper complaining against reckless motor driving.

Ans.

Exam Hall
Karnal

August 16, 2024
$2012$
Dear Sir,

Subject: Rising incidences of reckless and rash driving.

Through the column of your esteemed newspaper, I would like to draw the attention of the concerned authorities towards the rising reckless and rash driving in the city. These days, it has become difficult to walk on road without fear. Drivers, especially younger do not follow the traffic rules and do not care for the safety of others. It is no surprise that the cases of road accidents are rising day by day. Banners of traffic rules should be put.
I request the authorities to look into the matter by taking the necessary steps to apply law and order on the road.

Thank you

Sincerely,

Poster

Design an attractive and effective poster against the use of Drugs.

SAY NO TO DRUG

Note-making

What is Note-making?

यदि आप किसी लेख को पढ़ते हैं अथवा किसी भाषण को सुनते हैं, तब उसके प्रमुख बिन्दुओं को लिखते रहते है ताकि वे आपको याद रह सकें। उन मुख्य बिन्दुओं से आप एक अच्छी व्याख्या या सारांश निकाल सकते हैं। इस प्रकार Note-making हमें अपने विचारों को ठीक ढंग से प्रकट करने में सहायता प्रदान करती है।

Note-making के लिए निम्न rules का प्रयोग करें-

(i) सबसे पहले दिए गए Passage को शुरू से लेकर अन्त तक पढ़ें। इससे आपको Passage के विषय, अथव theme की जानकारी प्राप्त हो सकेगी।

(ii) हमें उसके शीर्षक का पता लगाने में सहायता प्राप्त होगी।

(iii) साथ ही हमें यह भी पता लगाना है कि लेखक ने Passage को कैसे विकसित किया है।

iv) इसके बाद हमें passage के प्रमुख हिस्सों का पता लगाना होता है ( तथा उनके लिए उचित Headings का प्रयोग करना होता है।

(v) प्रत्येक heading को sub-headings में विभाजित किया जाता है।

प्रायः परीक्षा में, एक दिये गये passage के notes, headings एवं sub-headings का प्रयोग करने के लिए passage का सारांश एक-तिहाई शब्दों में व्यक्त करने तथा passage का उचित शीर्षक लिखने के लिए कहा जाता है। (Note-making में प्रायः abbreviations का प्रयोग किया जाता है। उन्हें notes बनाने के बाद स्पष्ट किया जाता है कि वे किन-किन चीजों/शब्दों के प्रतीक हैं।)

Note making-1

In the winter season as well as in the summer season a variety of fruit and vegetables come in the market. If we ask the young guys "where do they come from? The answer is 'from the market, from the vegetable market or from the fields'. They must know that plants give us all vegetables. Some trees give us fruits for years and years. Once they are mature, they start giving us some edible part in the form of stem, leaves, flowers or fruits and in many cases roots also. We, the human beings start eating them from the very start a seed sprouts. Some grains are eaten in sprouted form such as grams, pulses and beans. Some roots are eaten as a part of food such as carrot, radish, beatroot, turnip, sweet potato etc. Stems of some plants are eaten as food such as onion, potato, ginger, garlic, turmeric (all underground modified ones). Some leaves of plants are eaten as leafy vegetables such as spinach, cabbage, mustard etc. Some flowers are used for food products such as sunflower, jasmine, etc. Fruits such as apple, orange, mango, banana etc. are obtained from trees. Even some of the seeds are caten such as almonds, walnuts, cashew nuts, etc. So there is no part which we leave and do note at it.

Note making-2

Paper wastage is a direct loss to the trees. If we keep on wasting papers at the same pace, we shall need more and more trees. Use of paper is related to almost all the fields of our day to day working. We need a print out for every type of receipt. We need print outs for our notes. We need printout for any type of billing. We demand to write everything on paper. Usually, it is seen that all such and other print outs are taken on one side of the page. Even the Ph.D. thesis is printed one sided. Most of the decisions in the court are written one sided. So, in all the above cases and other's if both the sides of a paper are used there will be a saving of 50% paper. Not only this, paper once used for one document which are to be put in record; can be used for another one from the other side means one side can be used for one type of assignment and other side for another. Print outs which are needed for once only can be reused with other blank side for some rough work or correction work. Therefore, we must Save Trees, Save Paper, Save Earth.

Questions:

(a) On the basis of your reading of the passage, make notes on it using headings and sub-headings. Use recognisable abbreviations wherever necessary.

(b) Also assign a suitable title to it.

2. Read the following passage carefully and make notes on it and also supply a suitable title. 5

Most trees grow a layer of wood each year. When the tree is cut down, the layers can be seen as rings in the trunk. And counting the number of rings tells you how old the tree is! Tree rings also speak of the weather changes that have occurred during the life of a particular tree. In a season of good rainfall, (the rings will be thick and during drought, the growth is slowed down and the rings will be thinner. Trees like the bristlecone pines, sequoias and redwoods of California are living records of variations in climate for the last 9000 years! Studying the changes in tree ring patterns is a science called 'dendrochronology'. Dendrochronology is the dating of climate changes in the past through study of tree rings to understand life in ancient times.

Suitable Title

Tree Rings: Records of Age and Climate

Notes

1. Tree Growth & Rings

1.1 Most trees grow a layer of wood each year.

1.2 Layers seen as rings in the cut trunk.

1.3 Counting rings reveals the tree's age.

2. Rings as Climate Indicators

2.1 Rings show weather changes during the tree's life.

2.2 Thick rings indicate good rainfall (good growth).

2.3 Thin rings indicate drought (slower growth).

3. Examples of Long-term Records